Mary Katherine Goddard to George Washington
23 December 1789, Baltimore
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| Baltimore, Decemr 23d 1789.
[Dear Sir,]
The Representation of Mary Katherine Goddard, Humbly sheweth--That
She hath kept the Post Office at Baltimore for upwards of fourteen years;
but with what degree of Satisfaction to all those concerned, She begs
leave to refer to the number & respectability of the Persons who have
publickly addressed the Post Master General & his Assistant, on the
Subject of her late removal from Office; And as Mr Osgood has not yet
favoured between two and three hundred of the principal Merchants &
Inhabitants of Baltimore with an answer to their last application, transmitted
to him by Post on the lath Day of November ultimo, [1] nor with any Answer
to sundry private Letters, accompanying the transcript of a like application,
made to Mr Burrell when at Baltimore: She therefore, at the instance
of the Gentlemen thus pleased to interest themselves on her behalf,
lays before your Excellency, Superintendant of that department, as briefly
as possible, the nature & circumstances, of what is conceived to be
an extraordinary Act of oppression towards her.
That upon the dissolution of the old Government, when
from the non importation Agreement and other causes incident to the
Revolution, the Revenue of the Post-Office was inadequate to its disbursements,
She accepted of the same, and at her own risque, advanced hard money
to defray the Charges of Post Riders for many years, when they were
not to be procured on any other terms; and that during this period,
the whole of her Labour & Industry in establishing the Office was necessarily
unrewarded; the Emoluments of which being by no means equal to the then
high Rent of an Office, or to the Attention required both to receive
& forward the Mails, as will evidently appear <by> the Schedule, here
unto annexed, [2] and therefore,
whoever thus established & continued the Office, at (the) gloomy period
when it was worth no Person's Acceptance, ought surely to be thought
worthy of it, when it became more valuable. And as it had been universally
understood, that no Person would be removed from Office, under the present
Government, unless manifest misconduct appeared, and as no such Charge
could possibly be made against her, with the least colour of Justice,
She was happy in the Idea of being secured both in her Office, and the
Protection of all those who wished well to the prosperity of the Post
Office, & the new Government in general.
That She has sustained many heavy losses, well known to
the Gentlemen of Baltimore, which swallowed up the Fruits of her Industry,
without even extricating her from embarrassment to this day, although
her Accounts with the Post Office were always considered, as amongst
the most punctual & regular of any upon the Continent; notwithstanding
which She has been discharged from her Office, without any imputation
of the least fault, and without any previous official notice: The first
intimation on that head being an Order from Mr Burrell, [3] whilst at Baltimore,
to deliver up the Office to the Bearer of his Note; and altho' he had
been there several days, yet he did not think proper to indulge her
with a personal Interview, thus far treating her in the Stile of an
unfriendly delinquent, unworthy of common Civility, as well as common
Justice. And although Mr White, who succeeded her, might doubtless have
been meritorious in the different Offices he sustained, yet, She humbly
conceives, he was not more deserving of public notice & protection in
his Station, than She has uniformly been in hers: It must therefore
become a matter of serious Importance & of peculiar distress to her,
if Government can find no means of rewarding this Gentleman's Services,
but at the Expence of all that She had to rely on, for her future dependence
& subsistence.
That it has been alledged as a Plea for her removal, that
the Deputy Post Master of Baltimore will hereafter be obliged to ride
& regulate the Offices to the Southward but that She conceives, with
great deference to the Post Master General, <illegible> impracticable,
& morally impossible; because the business of the Baltimore Office will
require his constant Attendance, & he alone could give satisfaction
to the people, if therefore the duties of the Assistant, Mr Burrells'
Office are to be performed by any other than himself, surely it cannot
well be attempted by those who are fully occupied with their own; and
as two Persons must be employed, according to this new Plan, She apprehends,
that She is more adequate to give Instructions to the Riding Post Master,
how to act than any other Person possibly could, heretofore unexperienced
in such business.
She,
therefore, most humbly hopes from your Excellency's Philanthropy and
wonted Humanity, You will take her Situation into Consideration; and
as the Grievance complained of, has happened whilst the Post Office
Department was put under your auspicious Protection, by a Resolve of
Congress, [4] that Your Excellency
will be graciously pleased to order, that She may be restored to her
former Office, and as in duty bound, She will ever pray &c.
Mary K: Goddard |
Notes
1. The petition from
the citizens of Baltimore to Postmaster General Samuel Osgood has not
been located, but Osgood's somewhat unsatisfactory reply, 7 Jan. 1790,
gave no reason for Goddard's dismissal beyond his statement that "the
Postmaster General is by the Ordinance of Congress made accountable
for the Conduct of his Deputies--The Responsibility is a Matter of very
serious Consequence to him--In all such Cases, there seems to be a peculiar
Propriety in permitting the Officer to exercise his own Judgement freely.
From mature Consideration, I am fully convinced that I shall be more
benefitted from the Services of Mr White than I could be from those
of Mrs Goddard" (National Archives, Record Group 28, Letters Sent by
the Postmaster General, 1789-1836). Goddard continued the pursuit of
her post even though Osgood ostensibly encountered some difficulty in
settling her accounts (Osgood to Goddard, 9 June 1790, National Archives,
Record Group 28, Letters Sent by the Postmaster General, 1789-1836).
In the spring of 1790 Goddard unsuccessfully pressed her plea for reinstatement
and for payment of a claim against the United States in both the Senate
and House of Representatives (Documentary History of the First Federal
Congress, vol. 1, p. 243, and vol. 3, p. 415). For the remainder
of her life she operated a bookstore in Baltimore. [back]
2. The enclosure to
this letter, "A Schedule of the Monies received in quarterly Payments,
at the Baltimore Post Office, from January 1776 to April 17<8>1, inclusive,
agreeably to the Baltimore Scale of Depreciation," is in the National
Archives, item 78, 10:619. [back]
3. Jonathan Burrall,
assistant postmaster general. [back]
4. "An Act for the
temporary establishment of the Post-Office" placed the postmaster general
and the operation of the department under the direct supervision of
the president (Richard Peters, ed., The Public Statues at Large of
the United States of America, 1845, vol. 1, p. 70 [22 Sept. 1789]). [back]
The following is adapted from The Papers
of George Washington, Presidential Series, W. W. Abbot et al., eds.,
vol. 4, 426-29 (Dorothy Twohig, volume editor), University Press of Virginia (Charlottesville,
1993). The original autograph letter signed is located in the Papers
of the Continental Congress in the National Archives, in Washington,
D.C., item 78.
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